Step up authentication is the process by which a user is challenged to produce additional forms of authentication to provide a higher level of assurance that he is in fact who he claims to be. Step up authentication is typically implemented as part of an adaptive authentication scheme that seeks to match the risk level of the request with the assurance level of the authentication. For example, a user asking to transfer a large sum of money may be challenged with step-up authentication to produce another a one-time passcode to complete the request.