Identity governance (IG) is a subcategory of identity and access management (IAM) that emerged from the needs of organizations to comply with new regulatory requirements such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). IG provides organizations with better visibility to identities and access privileges, and better controls to detect and prevent inappropriate access.
IG solutions are designed to link people, applications, data and devices to allow customers to determine who has access to what, what kind of risk that represents, and take action in situations where policy violations are identified.
Identity governance products are typically deployed “on top” of identity and access management systems to enable organizations to define, enforce, review and audit IAM policies, map IAM functions to compliance requirements and audit user access, to support compliance reporting. Specific identity governance product features including user administration, privileged identity management, identity intelligence, role-based identity administration, and analytics.